{"id":21259,"date":"2025-10-02T08:15:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T15:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vilni-media.com\/?p=21259"},"modified":"2025-10-02T15:22:39","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T22:22:39","slug":"iak-ukrainski-drony-paralizuiut-naftopererobni-zavody-rosii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vilni-media.com\/en\/2025\/10\/02\/iak-ukrainski-drony-paralizuiut-naftopererobni-zavody-rosii\/","title":{"rendered":"How Ukrainian Drones Are Crippling Russia\u2019s Oil Refineries"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ukraine is waging a campaign to destroy Russian oil refineries. It is squeezing the Kremlin, raising the cost of its war. The drone campaign also reflects Ukraine\u2019s expanding reach across Russia, as Moscow struggles to protect its vast territory.<\/p>

Kyiv began targeting Russian oil refineries in late 2023. The Biden administration, wary of rising oil prices, expressed frustration over these strikes. Lacking Western long-range weapons, Ukraine invested in its own fleet of long-range drones. \u201cIf we are not invited to NATO, then we must build NATO on our own territory,\u201d Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said<\/a> The Economist in February.<\/p>

Over time, drone strikes<\/a> grew more precise, and by mid-2025, they were causing fuel shortages across Russia. By late August, Ukraine had succeeded in disrupting<\/a> at least 17% of Russia\u2019s refining capacity, according to Reuters. The Economist put the figure<\/a> even higher, at nearly 20%.<\/p>

The fuel shortages also increase the social pressure on the Kremlin as ordinary Russians increasingly feel the impact of the war. According to The The Moscow Times<\/a>, gas prices in Russia soared to record highs in early September.<\/p>

Ukraine\u2019s War Against Russian Oil Proves Highly Effective<\/strong><\/h3>

Serhii Kuzan, a former adviser to Ukraine\u2019s Ministry of Defense, told me, \u201cDisruptions to refining capacity create fuel shortages on the domestic market, driving up diesel and gasoline prices. The resulting economic strain fuels public discontent as everyday costs rise.\u201d<\/p>

For Russia, the damage cuts deep at home and on the battlefield. Oil and gas revenues bankroll the Kremlin\u2019s war effort, from weapons production to the inflated wages needed to lure new recruits. Any disruptions help aid Ukraine\u2019s defense. \u201cUkraine\u2019s main goal is to cut off fuel supplies to Russia\u2019s military and reduce export revenues that fund the Kremlin\u2019s war effort,\u201d Kuzan said.<\/p>

Across Russia, there are reports of long lines at gas stations, amid growing<\/a> fuel shortages. The Russian daily Izvestia reported<\/a> supply disruptions in more than ten regions but blamed them on seasonal demand and increased tourism. Other outlets pointed to \u201cdrone debris\u201d as a factor. For the Kremlin, it is an awkward narrative: acknowledging Ukrainian drone attacks would mean admitting that the \u201cspecial military operation\u201d is not going to plan.<\/p>

Volodymyr Dubovyk, director of the Center for International Studies at Odesa Mechnykov National University, told me, \"Some of these may seem like mosquito bites, but taken together, with their variety of targets and frequency, they\u2019re becoming increasingly painful.\u201d<\/p>

Ukrainian Drones Achieve What Sanctions Could Not<\/strong><\/h3>

Following a February Oval Office clash with Zelensky, Donald Trump told him that he had \u201cno cards\u201d left to play. With time, Ukraine showed that it had plenty of cards to play. Ukrainian drones throughout 2025 continuously flew across Russia, shutting down Moscow airports numerous times.<\/p>

Things got so bad for Russia that, ahead of the annual Victory Day parade in Moscow, China reportedly asked Kyiv to refrain from striking the capital, According<\/a> to RBC-Ukraine. Even Russia\u2019s elites in Moscow and St. Petersburg have not been spared the disruption of Ukrainian drone<\/a> attacks. Facing a shortage of air defense systems, satellite imagery revealed that Russia has increasingly resorted to deploying<\/a> decoys in its Far East.<\/p>

By June, Kyiv continued to demonstrate its growing reach with Operation Spiderweb<\/a>, launching swarms of cheap drones from cargo containers deep inside Russia, destroying numerous strategic bombers.<\/p>

Throughout 2025, the long-range drone attacks targeted factories that supported the military-industrial complex and hit Russia's energy infrastructure. \u201cMilitary logistics depend heavily on fuel, and when nearby infrastructure is destroyed, units face growing shortages,\u201d explained Kuzan.<\/p>

Where sanctions have fallen short, Ukraine\u2019s drones have delivered. \u201cUkrainian drone strikes on refineries are achieving what sanctions alone have not. Moscow has found ways to adapt to Western sanctions \u2013 but so far, it has no reliable defense against Ukraine\u2019s drones,\u201d Kuzan said.<\/p>

Social Pressures Rise in Russia<\/strong><\/h3>

By August, Kyiv had scaled its \u201ckinetic sanctions\u201d against the Kremlin. As Vladimir Putin bets time is on his side against Ukraine, the oil war is putting more pressure on the Kremlin. \u201cRussians keep finding ways to live with the results of these attacks, but it costs them and creates more hurdles that they need to overcome,\u201d Dubovyk said.<\/p>

In Saratov, residents are growing frustrated<\/a> as fuel supplies run dry and prices climb week after week. Officials insist the disruptions are temporary and localized, but few are convinced. Russian newspapers<\/a> are increasingly addressing the fuel crisis across the country.<\/p>

On September 4, Putin was forced to admit<\/a>\u200e that Russia faces a gas shortage, suggesting that the country turn to coal reserves, which \"will last for almost a thousand years.\" Russia\u2019s oil export revenues fell in August to a five-year low of $13.5 billion, Reuters data<\/a> as exports declined and Urals crude traded at $56 a barrel, below the $60 price cap.<\/p>

The Kremlin faces a delicate balance. Its war in Ukraine demands ever-greater funding, yet the economic pressure<\/a>\u200e is growing. The central bank has done an impressive job stabilizing the economy so far, but its tools are limited. Businesses are already strained by high interest rates<\/a>\u200e meant to contain inflation, and rising fuel prices add to the pressure, threatening to upset that balance.<\/p>

These attacks alone may not decide the war, but they are shaping its trajectory. Kyiv has shown it can strike Russia\u2019s economic heartland, eroding the very revenues that sustain Moscow\u2019s war machine.<\/p>

Putin often casts himself<\/a> in the legacy of the Tsars, reclaiming the empire. But he would do well to remember Tsar Nicholas II in World War I, when overextended frontlines and domestic shortages made unrest at home as dangerous as the enemy abroad.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

About Author:<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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David Kirichenko<\/a> is an associate research fellow at the Henry Jackson Society. His work on warfare has been featured in the Atlantic Council, Center for European Policy Analysis, and The Economist, among many others. He can be found on X\/Twitter @DVKirichenko.<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Ukraine is waging a campaign to destroy Russian oil refineries. It is squeezing the Kremlin, raising the cost of its war. The drone campaign also reflects Ukraine\u2019s expanding reach across Russia, as Moscow struggles to protect its vast territory...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":253017327,"featured_media":21260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1457,1514,1503],"tags":[1524],"class_list":["post-21259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-authors","category-david-kirichenko","category-exclusive","tag-david-kirichenko"],"yoast_head":"\n\u042f\u043a \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0444\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0457 - 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